Code message.



N0.'889,094. PATENTED MAY 26, 1908- M. BERARDIN'I.

CODE MESSAGE. APPLICATION FILED DBO. 26, 1907.

PAYEEs N9. T PAYEE RESIDENCE I423 2&3 #5? M I424- (Q/Mm Maw m I425 gwgfww/ 2% I426 W/Qm 714mm fm 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

GENERAL GABLEGRAM G0. TELEGRAM GENERAL GABLEG RAM co. TELEGRAM 3 I I I 7'0 Muir M2 2 m M M 6 M //a i m w 190 N0. 889,094. PATENTED MAY 26, 1908. M. BERARDINI.

CODE MESSAGE.

APPLIUATION FILED DEC. 26, 1907.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ATTORNEYS umfrnn STATES PATENT ornrcn.

, MICHAEL BERARDINI, or NEW YORK,'N. Y.

conn MESSAGE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patent ed May 26,1908.

Application filed December 26, 1907. Serial No. 108,120.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MiCHAEL BERARDINI, a citizen of the United States, residing at Fort Wadsworth-Staten Island, in the borits 1 gages ruled to form C, the first of which contains referably consecutive) vnumerals, each of t em thus.

especial reference to the conditions revailing in my banln'ng business, where't e same customers will send money more or less regularly to one or more persons abroad.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the-practical carrying out of my invention, Figure 1 "shows a portion of a feeord and code book usedinwriting and decipherin messages acoordingto my invention, an :Figs. 2 to 8 show various examples of such messages:

The 'book (l1ig. "1)as.

our columns: A, B,

' standing at the left hand end of a row. The

' ting customers and may be headed -Retage, especially in cases.(as they do occur) .in'

' which 'iferent payees may-bear,t he samesecond column contains the names of reinitmitter; the .third column contains the names of pa ees, and 'the'fourth, thepayees address. T 's last column might be-omitted I insome cases, yeti-l. find it to be .an advanname. Thejmcor amount-to be' paid to Silvio Soli of 19, Via

I Nuova', Rome. I an additional figure which has afiifferent Q Theamounti'is. indicated by meaning according to the position ,it'occujpies The'numbers in the column A may runupto 9999 ,(oraevenrto 10000) with the par ticular system here described. In this .par- 'ticular system, 1 limit to'five figures the code preferred by me, has

oration df the record number I 1427 in a te egram, for instance, would thus mean that Enrico Corso orders a certain 1 number which identifies all individual draft or remittance. ln my business, the large majority of. drafts are for amounts of even I hundreds (from 100 to 900) or even tens (from 10 to 90), and I have devised the following simple arrangement: A figure placed in. front (at the left) of the record number will indicate a remittance of so many'hundred lire, or whatever may be the monetary unit, in the ayees country. For instance, 31427 would mean that Enrico Corso orders three hundred lire to be paid to Silvio Soli of 19 Via Nuova; Rome. Of course, my correspondent in Italy to whom such a telegram-is sent, would have aiduplicate of my record book and full instructions for decigilirering such telegrams. J hen the code number formed b g placing the hundreds figure to the left of t e record number, contains less than five figures, I

complete it by the addition of one or more naughts, as for instance 047 89 which would mean that 400 .lireare sent from the remitter to the payee, whose'names' (together withthe payees address) will be found upon look.- ing up number '7 89 in the record book. Similarly, 00526 would mean that 500 lire are to pass between the persons indicated by numr 26 ingthe record book. If only one orderwere to be"telegraphed, the inclusion of the zero might not be necessary (although even thenit is preferable, toguard against error); but. in actual practice, a telegram always refers to a numberv of orders, and the first thing the recipient {(my correspondent) has to do, is to. divide the figures.v into groups of fivej If he, therefore, receives a cablegram.

containingthe following:

0002500546071073 1186, he will immediately transcribe or divide it to mean:v p

p 00025 00546" 07107 31186, thus indicatin four remittances of 200, 500,

7.00 and 300 're, the sender and payee of, which are fully indicated by the record numhere, 5, 40, '107, and 1'186,'respectively.

As acheck for accuracy in transmission, Iv prefer'to add, after the figures, an indication.

of'the number of drafts or orders, together with the total amount in lire and also the sum of the. record numbers, or S eoia numbers, as I refer to themin talian.

' veal the mistake at once.

Omitting my correspondents cable address and m signature, the complete cablegram might e as follows, (see Fig. 2):

00025005460710731186 ordini 4 lire 1700 -speciali 1344.

This would mean that the telegram refers to four orders or drafts totaling 1700 lire and containing special or record numbers whose sum is 1 344. Errors in transmission would thus be detected easily.

The reason Iprefer to limit the code number to five figures is that this is the number of figures which the cable companies now charge as one word.

When I wish to tele raph remittances of 10, 20,30, .90, lire, indicate this to my correspondent by using some other word, for instance Diversi instead of Speciali, and referably in this case the figure indicate amount of the remittance is placed difi'erently, for instance at the right of the record number, instead of at the left thereof. Thus (see Fig. 3)

I 013272584179643 0 r d i ni 3 lire, 110 diversi 10680,

would mean that there are three orders (indicated by the code numbers 01327, 25841, and 79643, respectively), thatthe last fignre of each code number indicates tens of 're, that the total amount of the three orders (70+ 10+30 lire) is 110 lire, and that the sum of the three record numbers (132 2584 The different placing of the value figure or money figure is only an additional safeguafdagainst errors; for if the sender of the telegram by mistake used the word Speciali when the meaning would require the word Diversi, the test of the addition would re- Of course, telegrams of the two forms shown in Figs. 2 and 3 respectively could be combined into one.

It will be obvious that the word Diversi might be placed ahead of the orders to which it refers, and the code number might follow the figure indicating the value of the order. Thus Diversi 07132 might be used to intimate that 70 lire is to pass between the two persons indicated by the record number 132.

The word Specialimight in this case be used in the same way as explained in connection with hundreds, to' recede the total of the record numbers. ig. 4 shows the same message as Fig. 3, but expressed, in the manner just su gested.

- B131 the use 0 various words, the meaning of t e value figure might be varied. Thus 07132 (without any word preceding) would mean 700 lire on account No. 132 just as 00025 in Figs. 2 and 5 means 200 lire on account No. 5; Diversi 07132 would mean lire on account No. 132 as in Figs. 4 and 5; Mille 07132 would mean 7000-lire on account No. 132, just asMille 02658in Fig. 5 means two thousand lire on account N o. 658' All this, together with-"the other features which I am going to describe, is illustrated by It has been explained that the record number consists of no more than four figures;

this apparently would enable me to have only 10,000 accounts or numbers in the record book (four naughts would stand for 19763; Diecimil 35848 might indicate that 3000 lire are to be remitted from a certain person to a certain other person both indicated by the record number 15948. These code words may be selected quite arbitrarily. There are various other ways in which the rinciple of my invention may be carried out. or instance instead of using figures (numerals) as elements for the code'part of the message, I may employ letters as shown in Fig. 6, or a combination'of letters and figures Thus, instead of desigas shown in Fig. 7. nating the accounts or rows of the record book by consecutive numbers, I might designate them by letters or combinations of letters, such as a, b, ca, ac, bf, cdg, ehad, arran ed al habeticall so as to be found rea ven in thls case, I prefer to use recor numbers in addition, so that the test or check of the total of recordnumbers may be available. Instead of the figures indicating values, I may emplo ,say'the last nine or. ten letters of the afiphabet. Each code unit (say of five elements, as before) would then be of the following character, mbdgf, the letter as indicating the value, for instance 20000 lire (a: standing for 2), and bdgf being the record mark corresponding to the record number, and identifying both parties to the transaction. If figures are used to indicate value, the same order will be expressed by Qbdg Words like Diversi or Mille would e unnecessary in this case, the position of the value figure or letter bea sufficient indication. Thus f2bdg (or fa: dg) would mean 2000 lire between the parties indicated by the record mark bdgjL- gfxbd (or gfQbd) would rnean 200 lire e would be filled by the letter 2.

the persons indicated by the record mark cd. Still another possibility is the use of various mark indicating say'the record number 385,

tains statements similar to those: of Figs. 2,

, figures) whosenumber is an entire multiple 7 amount of' the order, whilethe other portion four elements) is the record'mark indicat- Thesestatements or lIllllOSttlOIlS of totals code unit (five elements in the examples de'- address; Eac Icludes the three checks orsafeguards above .set forth, viz: 1) a statement of the number the element indicating 'th'evalue is to be of the two lines beginning with 00025 and ending with 1344. On the first of these lines being 31186) each composed of five figures code words to indicate the value of each order, andof other code words to form a record .mark, the two together forming a g code unit. Thisisillustrated byijigS. Thus i Romad-idi might by itsfirst half Roma l (forming the record mark) indicate for instance, the parties entered in the record book underNo. 2376, while' the second half f didi? {forming the value mark) might mean 404G ire. of the code unit (Giofinof may be a record and the second halt-'fino might mean 150 lire.' Again the third code unitshown in Fig, 8, the word Lavasoli might by its first part Lava indicate the record number 1968 and by its secondhalf soli the value of 275 lire. The message as shown also con- 3 and 4,ithat is, the number of'orders (Ordini 3), the total amount (Lire 4465) and'the total of the record numbers (Speciali 4729).

of the number of elements constituting a;

scribed with reference to Figs. 2 to 8.) In these seven figures, thevvalue mark consists' of a'sin'gle element indicating the value or of each code'unit (comprisin not more than ing, when looked up in the record book, the remitters and lpayees names and the payees message preferably also inoford'ers; 2) the total aniount of the orders, and, 3) the sum 'ofvthe" re'cord numbers. Further, by the omission or use of means or symbols, such as Diversi, I indicate whether read as hundreds or tens, etc. .Thus, in Fig.2 the code part of themessag'e consists there are four code units (the last ofthem or elements, .so that the total number of'elements (20) is a multiple of the number of individual elements (5) constituting a code unit. Each of-these code units consists of two portions; one of them, designated (for 'transaction.- The Word and In the same way,-thefirst half b H the last unit) by the reference character X, indicates the value or amount of the order; the other, to which the reference letter Y has been applied, is the record number or record mark identifyingthe arties to the 4 constitute a statement of the number of gure Ordini orderscontained in the'message; theword and figures Lire 1700 (indicated by the reference letter T) give the total amount of the orders, the number 1344 (designated by the reference letter R) is the sum of the record numbers; and theword Speciali (referred to by the letters) constitutes means indicating the value of the elements (such as X) representing the amounts of the or-; ders, since this word indicates to the reci 'ient of themessage that the figure 3 of t e last code unit means 309 lire, and so on.

I claim as my invention:

- 1. A code message comprising a series of elements the number of which is a multiple of the number of individual elements constituting a codeunit, eachcode unit consist- 'ingof two portions, one of .which indicates the value or amount of the order, while the other is a record mark identifying the parties to the transaction in connection with a record number, the message also including a statement ofthe number oforde'rs'it contains; the

total amount of such orders, the sum of the record numbers, and .means indicating the value of the elements representing the amounts of the orders.

2 A code message comprising a series of. elements, the number of which is a multiple of the number of elements constituting a code unit, each code unit consisting of two portions, one of'which indicates the value or amount of the order, while the other is a record mark identifying the parties, to the transaction in connection with a record num-.

her, the message also including a statement of the number of orders it contains, the total amount of the orders, and the sum ofthe record numbers. 7'

3. A code message comprising a series of loo elements, the number of which 18 a multiple of the number, of elements constituting a.

code unit, each code unit consisting of two portions, one of which indicates the value or I amount of the order, while the. other is a record mark, identifying the parties to the transaction in connection with a record number, the message also including a statement of the total amount of the ordersand the sum of the record numbers.

4. A code message com rising a series of elements the number of wlii of the number of elements constituting a code unit, each code unit consisting of two portions, one of which indicates thevalue-or. amount of the order, while the other is a record mark identifying the -parties to the transaction, the message also including 0b is a multiple iao means indicating the value of the elements representing the amounts of the orders.

j 5. A code message com rising a series of elements, the number of w ich is a multiple of the number of elements constituting a code unit, each code unit consisting of two portions, one of which indicates the value oramount of the order, while the other is a record mark identifying the parties to the transaction.

6. A code message consisting of code units each of which comprises two portions, one-of said portions being a record mark identifyin both parties to the transaction, while the ot er is a value mark determining the amount to be aid.

7. A record ook for use in drafting and deciphering code messages, having a column contaunng record marks, another column containin' remitters names a third column 20 with 'payees names, and a fourth with payees addresses.

8. A record book for use in drafting and deciphering code messages, havinga column containing record marks, another column 25 containing renntters names, and a tlnrd' column with payees names.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the. presence of two subscribing wit- 

